Export and import of grain crops in modern conditions

Objective. Research of export and import of grain crops in the world and in Ukraine in modern realities and their importance for the development of the Ukrainian market. Method. During the research, methods were used, the basis of which is comparative and systemic analysis, methods of generalization. Results. The studies carried out indicate that the global pandemic had practically no effect on the world grain market. The bulk of the supply of grain crops in the world is provided by the largest exporting countries: the USA, Canada, Australia, the EU and Argentina. In recent years, these countries have been joined by Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. Ukraine in the season 2019- 2020. exported more grain than in the previous marketing year, with Kernel being the largest shipper of grain. The countries of Asia, Africa and Europe remained the importers of Ukrainian grain, the leader among which is Egypt. In terms of sales volumes, cereals belong to the second article of domestic exports, which in turn contributes to attracting foreign exchange funds to Ukraine and has a positive effect on the hryvnia exchange rate. Given the scale of exports, the cereals market may be a typical example for other agricultural markets. At the same time, the policy of the state should be based on taking into account the global factors that arise in today's conditions. Grain exports should not create a situation that could affect the domestic market, the formation of the required number of domestic reserves, the conduct of commodity procurement. It is expedient to create conditions conducive to the development of a competitive environment in the grain market. It is proposed in the future to conduct research on the procedure for customs clearance of grain crops when moving across the border of Ukraine. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of their use in the development and implementation of state policy in the field of stimulating the supply of grain products abroad. It is advisable to use the results of the analysis in the educational process for students of the educational and professional program «Commodity Science and Expertise in Customs» of the specialty «Entrepreneurship, Trade and Exchange Activity»

grain crops; export; import; world market; trade