Research of thermal insulation material on the basis of vegetable raw materials for strength

The purpose of the research is to create effective thermal insulation materials based on vegetable raw materials and to obtain lamellar heat-insulating material with good mechanical and biocidal properties based on natural plant material and plant waste. Methodology. The main physical and mechanical properties of thermal insulation slabs (density, compressive strength at 10% deformation) were determined in accordance with DSTU B B.2.7-38-95 "Materials and products of thermal insulation. Test methods ". Results. Tests for strength at 10% deformation were performed on samples of thermal insulation materials with a size of 100 × 100 × 100 mm, changing the components and the amount of filler.The obtained data allow to establish that for all compositions the strength of samples from a mixture of moss and straw is greater than for samples of moss and reeds. The cube samples made of a mixture of moss and reed have the same disadvantages as the slabs with a one-component filler: loose mossy fibrous structure, lack of coherent cane carcass, shrinkage deformation after drying.It is also important that with the same amount of binder, increasing the amount of crushed reeds or straw in the total weight of the aggregate leads to increased strength of the samples. It was found that for all compositions the strength of samples of moss and straw is greater than for samples of moss and reeds.Increasing the amount of aggregate and liquid glass of sodium leads to an increase in the density of insulating materials containing moss in 1.3 - 1.4 times, increase in compressive strength at 10% deformation in 1.9 - 4.2 times.In order to eliminate the shortcomings of the material with a one-component filler reed or rye straw can be added into its composition. The presence of straw in the composition with moss increases the strength at 10% deformation by 1.5-3 times, flexural strength by 2-3.2 times and eliminates shrinkage deformation with a slight increase in thermal conductivity. Scientific novelty. The obtained results allow to create lamellar thermal insulation material with good physical and mechanical properties, which has biocidal properties based on natural plant material and crop waste. Practical significance. Finding and creating effective thermal insulation materials based on cheap raw materials remains a challenge. The criterion of saving fuel and energy resources in the production of thermal insulation materials is of great importance. Depending on the composition of the substances from which thermal insulation materials are made, they can under certain conditions affect the insulated surfaces, the environment and the human or animal body.

insulation; moss; strength; raw materials; agricultural waste; reed straw